United Nations Security Council

UNSC

The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It does this by taking the lead in determining the existence of a threat to peace or an act of aggression. It calls upon the parties to a dispute to settle it by peaceful means and recommends methods of adjustment or terms of settlement.

The UNSC is the only comitty with the power to bring and create legislation and important solutions for issues without General Assembly approval. the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) acts as a leader in international mediation and resolution. The fifteen countries of the UNSC (five permanent members and ten rolling members) may use their jurisdiction to immediately employ police/military action, economic sanctions, and peacekeeping forces. The goal of the UNSC is to work towards peace in the international community, in accordance to the UN Charter. Security Council delegates are required to have at least one year of prior model UN experience and must be knowledgeable about their countries and topics and adept at navigating parliamentary procedure and resolution drafting.


Topic 1: The Somali’s Civil War

The Somalian Civil War began in 1991, severely destabilizing the country. The Civil War began after a coup in 1969 replaced Somalia’s elected government with military rule that reflected both ideological and economic dependence on the Soviet Union. Following the war with Ethiopia in the 1970s, Somalia began turning toward the West, including the United States, for international support, military equipment, and economic aid. Civil War in the 1980s led to the collapse of Somalia’s central government in 1991. Throughout the last 29 years, there have been many attempts to intervene and mediate the situation. All of them, however, have only been temporary solutions and ultimately useless, considering the persistence of the conflict even today. Currently, there are approximately 2.6 million civilians who have been displaced because of the conflict, many of those living unassisted and vulnerable to abuse. Additionally, thousands of innocent civilians have died because of the war, and the majority of these casualties were due to Al-Shabab targeted attacks in which explosive devices, suicide bombings, and shelling were used. Despite the lack of success thus far, the United Nations needs to find a solution to Somalia’s Civil War before the situation worsens.


Topic 2: The Kashmir’s Situation

The Kashmir Conflict focuses on the Kashmir and Jammu region, shared by India, Pakistan, and China, where the increased militarization of the area constantly threatens the political climate of the region. The independence from Britain occurred in 1947, in a process known as Partition, that separated the entire subcontinent of present day India into two new countries: a Muslim state called Pakistan and a Hindu majority state named India. However, Kashmir was located at the border of the two new countries, and the country declared a neutral stance. Up until present day, Pakistan and India are still fighting for control over the Kashmir and Jammu region. This has led to these areas being filled with violence. It is imperative that the violence in Kashmir and Jammu cease so that innocent civilians are allowed to live in peace.